考试知识点32 条件状语从句
高考考试频度：★★★★☆
1、条件状语从句
1. if引导的条件状语从句
if可引导非真实条件状语从句和真实条件状语从句。
If he said that, he can’t be telling the truth.
假如他说了那样的话，他不可能是说实话。
2. unless引导的条件状语从句
unless引导的是不是定条件状语从句，在乎义上等于if...not，而且语气较强，一般不需要于虚拟语气。
You’ll be late unless you hurry.
你会迟到的，假如不赶快的话。
1.（2019·江苏卷·单项填空）The doctor shares his phone number with the patients __________ they need medical assistance.
A. if only B. as if C. even though D. in case
【答案】D
【分析】考查状语从句的连词。句意：大夫给了患者他的手机号码，以防患者需要医疗援助。A. if only如果……多好；B. as if仿佛，仿佛；C. even though即便，尽管；D. in case以备，以防，免得，引导条件状语从句。故选D。
2.（2019·天津卷·单项填空）Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion _________ he wants their support.
A. since B. once
C. unless D. after
【答案】C
【分析】考查连词辨析。句意：汤姆是这样独立，以至于他从来不征求爸爸妈妈的建议，除非他想得到他们的支持。since由于；once一旦；unless除非；after在……之后，依据题意，故选C。unless在此引导条件状语从句。
3. _________ we don’t sTOP climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
A. Although B. While C. If D. Until
【答案】C
【分析】考查状语从句。句意：假如大家不阻止气候变化，那样世界上的不少动植物将会消失。剖析句意及句子结构可知，动植物不灭绝的首要条件条件是阻止气候变化。although尽管；while当……时候，尽管；if假如；until直到。依据句意可知选C。
4.________ we have enough evidence, we can't win the case.
once B. As long as C. Unless D. Since
【答案】C
【分析】考查连词。句意：假如大家没足够的证据，大家就赢不了官司。后句说官司打不赢，用unless来表示相反的条件。
【名师点睛】条件状语从句就是在复合句中表示主句动作发生条件的状语从句。引导__________最常常用的连词是if，它的意思是＂假如＂； 也可以用unless引导：unless的意思是＂假如不＂＂除非＂，等于if not。
3. only if引导的条件状语从句
only if在引导条件状语从句时意为＂只有……；只有在……的时候，唯一的条件是……＂。
I’ll let you use the car only if you keep it in good condition.
只须你把车保养好，我就叫你用。
4. as/so long as引导的条件状语从句
as/so long as意为＂只须；假如＂。
As long as it doesn’t rain, we can play.
只须不下雨大家就能玩。
You won’t find paper cutting difficult _____you keep practicing it.
A. even if B. as long as
C .as if D. ever since
【答案】B
【分析】句意：只须你不断训练，你不会感觉剪纸非常难。A. even though即便，虽然;B. as long as只须；C. as if犹如，仿佛；D. ever since自从。结合句意，此处用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选B。
5. provided /providing 引导的条件状语从句
provided /providing 意为＂倘若；假如＂。
I will agree to go provided / providing my expense is paid.
倘若为我负担成本，我就赞同去。
Providing you promise not to tell anyone else I’ll explain the secret.
倘若你承诺不告诉其他人，我就对你说这个秘密。
6. on condition that（条件是）和suppose / supposing （假设；假如）也可引导条件状语从句
I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep it a secret.
我可以对你说真相，条件是你答应守旧秘密。
Suppose/ Supposing they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?
在条件状语从句中，一般要用一般目前时表示以后意义，而不可以直接用以后时态。不过，有时表示条件的 if之后可可以用 will，但那不是以后时态, 而是表示意愿或委婉的请求。
If you will sit down for a few moments, I’ll tell the manager you’re here. 请稍坐一会儿，我这就公告经理说你来了。
2、方法状语从句
表示行为方法的状语从句常由as（根据……，像……一样），as if（正如……，好像……），as though（好像……，仿佛……），（just）as... so...（正如……）引导，多置于主句之后。
1.as， as... so...引导的方法状语从句一般坐落于主句后，但在 as...so...结构中坐落于句首，这个时候as从句带有比喻的意思，意思是＂正如……＂，＂就像＂，多用于正式文体。
Always do to the others as you would be done by.
你期望人家如何待你，你就要如何待其他人。
As water is to fish, so air is to man.
大家不能离开空气，犹如鱼儿不能离开水。
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.
正如打扫房子一样，大家也要扫除大家头脑中落后的东西。
2.as if，as though两者的意义和使用方法相同，引导的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说状况是事实或达成的可能性较大。汉译常作＂仿佛……似的＂，＂仿佛……似的＂。
They completely ignore these facts as if they never existed.
他们完全忽视了这类事实，就仿佛它们没有似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）
He looks as if he had been hit by lighting.
他那样子就像被雷击了似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）
It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.
看来天气非常快就会好起来。（达成的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。）
【名师点睛】
as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语。 He stared at me as if seeing me for first time. 他目不转睛地看着我，就像首次看见我似的。 He cleared his throat as if to say something. 他清了清嗓子，像要怎么说似的。 The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. 波涛冲击着岩石，仿佛非常愤怒。 |
1. He looked at me curiously _______________ he had some doubt which he was unwilling to express.
A.as if B.in case C.unless D.so that
【答案】A
【分析】考查状语从句。句意：他好奇地看着我，仿佛有一些疑问又不愿说出口。as if＂仿佛，仿佛＂，引导方法状语从句。
2. More people will eat out in restaurants _______________ they do today.
A. than B. when C. while D. as
【答案】D
【分析】句意：正如大家目前所做的一样，更多的人将会在餐馆吃饭。as在此引导方法状语从句，表示＂好似，照……的方法＂。
题组一 能力过关
I.单项填空
1. This medicine is quite beneficial to your recovery after the operation,______ you take it as told.
A. unless B. providing C. considering D. since
2.I'll be out for some time. ______ anything important happens, call me up immediately.
A. In case B. As if C. Even though D. Now that
3.She says that she'll have to close the shop ________ business improves.
A. if B. unless C. after D. when
4.She says that she'll have to close the shop ________ business improves.
A. if B. unless C. after D. when
5. The house was greatly damaged by the truck. We’d better leave things __________ they are until the police arrive.
A. since B. as
C. though D. unless
6. The two boys had so much in common as if they ____________ brought up in the same family.
A. should be B. would be
C. have been D. had been
7. —Do you remember the experiment we did together many years ago?
—Yes, ____________ we did it yesterday.
A. as if B. even if
C. only if D. if only
8. My daughter stared at me, angrily, ___________ I were her wicked stepmother.
A. even if B. only if
C. if only D. as if
9. Mrs. Sue looked __________ she was going to explode when the boy cut in line.
A. even though B. as though
C. in case D. now that
10. For years, those journalists would describe the event in detail __________ they themselves had attended it.
A. as though B. in case
C. only if D. even though
II. 短文改错
Square dancing has been more and more popular with the elderly as their living conditions improve. Most people thought it can help people take regularly exercise and improve their fitness. Besides, it provides people more chances to take activities outdoor. However, some people argue that the music is very noisy, that disturbs the surrounding citizens’ normal life. Also, be exposed to such loud noise may do a harm to their health in the long run.
In my opinion, square dancing is a good form of exercise, so dancers should take our neighbors’ needs into consideration. If they choose a right time and turn down the music, it will cause less troubles for others.
I .单项填空
1.B
【分析】考查状语从句 句意上：这种药只须你按需要服用一定有益于你手术后的恢复的。＂providing…＂可以用来引导条件状语从句表示＂只须……＂，符合题目语境，故B项正确。
2.A
【分析】A万一；B仿佛；C即便；D既然。依据句意可知：给我打电话的首要条件是假如发生要紧的事情，所以前句话表示后面状况发生的一种条件，in case可以引导条件状语从句，故答案选A。句意：我要出去一会。万一有要紧事情的话，立即给我打电话。
3.B
【分析】考查状语从句中连词的选择。句意：她说除非买卖有改变，不然她将不能不关闭这家商店。unless意为＂除非＂，符合语境。
4.B
【分析】考查状语从句中连词的选择。句意：她说除非买卖有改变，不然她将不能不关闭这家商店。unless意为＂除非＂，符合语境。
【名师点睛】条件状语从句就是在复合句中表示主句动作发生条件的状语从句。引导__________最常常用的连词是if，它的意思是＂假如＂； 也可以用unless引导：unless的意思是＂假如不＂＂除非＂，等于if not。
5.B
【分析】考查状语从句。句意：卡车对这座房屋导致了紧急的损害。大家最好维持原样，等待警察到来。as引导方法状语从句，意为＂根据……的方法＂。leave things as they are意为＂任其自然＂。
6. D
【分析】此处as if引导方法状语从句，且从句应用虚拟语气。主句用的是一般过去时，从句表示对过去状况的虚拟，故从句谓语形式为had done。所以选D。
7. A
【分析】句意：——你还记得很多年以前大家一块做的那次实验吗？——记得，就仿佛是大家昨天做的一样。此处要用as if引导方法状语从句，as if表示＂仿佛＂。even if引导让步状语从句，意为＂即便＂；only if＂只有＂；if only＂如果……就好了＂。
8. D
【分析】考查状语从句。句意：女儿生气地瞪着我，仿佛我是她邪恶的后妈一样。空处表示＂好像，仿佛＂，引导方法状语从句。依据句意可知选D。
9. B
【分析】考查状语从句。句意：当那个男生插队时，Sue夫人看着像要发怒了。依据句意可知，要用as though，意思是＂看着仿佛……＂，在此引导方法状语从句。even though＂即便＂；in case＂以防＂；now that＂既然＂。
10. A
【分析】考查as though引导的方法状语从句。句意：多少年来，那些记者们一直可以详细地描述那起事件，就仿佛他们亲自参与了一样。依据句意可知，此处应用as though引导方法状语从句。
II. 短文改错
【答案】
Square dancing has been more and more popular with the elderly as their living conditions improve. Most people 
it can help people take 
exercise and improve their fitness. Besides, it provides people ∧with more chances to take activities 
. However, some people argue that the music is very noisy, 
disturbs the surrounding citizens’ normal life. Also, 
exposed to such loud noise may do a harm to their health in the long run.
In my opinion, square dancing is a good form of exercise, 
dancers should take 
neighbors’ needs into consideration. If they choose a right time and turn down the music, it will cause less 
for others.
【分析】
第一处：thought→think。本文的基本时态是一般目前时，且此处陈述客观状况，应用一般目前时。
第二处：regularly→regular。很多人觉得广场舞能帮助大家常常训练。修饰名词应用形容词。regular"频繁的，常常的"。
第三处：people后加with。 provide sth. for sb.=provide sb. with sth.，是固定搭配，意为"提供某物给某人，给某人提供某物"。
第四处：outdoor→outdoors。 广场舞能给大家提供更多参加户外活动的机会。outdoor是形容词，意为"户外的"；outdoors是副词，意为"在户外"。剖析句子结构可知，此处应用副词outdoors在句中作状语。
第五处：that→which。剖析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，指代上文中的"the music is very noisy"，故应用which。注意：that不可以引导非限制性定语从句。
第六处：be→being。剖析句子结构可知，此处应用动名词短语作主语。故把be改为being。
第七处：删除harm前的a。do harm to..."对……有害"是固定使用方法。harm"伤害，损害"是不可数名词，不可以用不定冠词修饰。
第八处：so→but。"我"觉得广场舞是一种非常不错的训练形式，但广场舞者应该考虑他们邻居的需要。前后句之间是转折关系，而不是因果关系，故应用连词but。
第九处：our→their。此处指代的是广场舞者，故应用their。下文中的"they"亦是提示。
第十处：troubles→trouble。trouble表示"麻烦，问题，困难"时是不可数名词，故将troubles改为trouble。
